"Oranges and Lemons": City churches walking tour

The nursery rhyme Oranges and Lemons is a classic with a rich history and a few possible origins. The earliest known printed version appeared c. 1744.

The most widely accepted theory is that it was a way for Londoners, many of whom were illiterate, to learn the locations of famous churches around the city. Each line mentions a different church, linking it to a specific bell sound.

Some believe it describes the journey of a condemned man to Tyburn Gallows, a notorious execution site. The churches mentioned could mark his passage. Others believe it describes Henry VIII's marital difficulties or that it is connected with ritualised sacrifice.

Regardless of its origins, the remains a beloved children's rhyme. Its catchy tune and repetitive structure make it easy to learn and sing, while the playful actions associated with it enhance its appeal.

"Oranges and Lemons" is a fascinating example of how a seemingly simple children's rhyme can hold layers of historical and cultural significance. Whether it was a cheerful guide to London landmarks or a chilling reflection of darker historical events, its enduring popularity speaks to its power and charm.

There are a number of versions of the rhyme but the following is the one that most people are familiar with, though maybe not everyone with the last three lines!

Oranges and lemons,
Say the bells of St. Clement's.

Here comes a candle to light you to bed,
And here comes a chopper to chop off your head!
Chip chop chip chop the last man is dead

Find out more about the churches in the rhyme by clicking the tour link below. The “Christopher Wren & City Churches Walking Tour” is led by Lee Cooper who is a member of the “Friends of the City Churches”.

The main image shows Holy Sepulchre, which is referred to in the rhyme as ‘the bells of Old Bailey’.